The purest grade of copper, containing 99.99%, C110 copper has the tightest limits on impurities of oxygen-free copper. Also known as electrolytic tough pitch (ETP) copper, it is a highly conductive alloy with impressive electrical and thermal conductivity properties. Due to the metal having the same amount of oxygen as would naturally occur, C110 copper is ductile and when heated, not as brittle or embrittlement-prone.
As C110 copper was specifically formulated to have superior thermal and electrical conductivity while also having high formability, it is primarily used in electrical components and wires. While it is commonly found in electrical applications, it is not exclusive to them. C110 copper is also used where ductility is required, in architectural applications for its color and heat transfer qualities, and in construction.
| Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Material Type | Pure Copper (ETP Copper) | UNS C11000; ASTM B152 |
| Copper Content | ≥ 99.9% | Extremely pure |
| Density | 8.89 g/cm³ | 0.321 lb/in³ |
| Melting Point | ~1,083°C | ~1,981°F |
| Hardness (Brinell) | ~40–110 HB | Varies with temper (annealed to hard) |
| Tensile Strength | ~210–390 MPa | ~30,000–57,000 psi |
| Yield Strength | ~33–340 MPa | ~4,800–49,000 psi |
| Elongation at Break | ~10–45% | Higher in annealed condition |
| Modulus of Elasticity | ~110 GPa | ~16 x 10⁶ psi |
| Electrical Conductivity | ≥ 100% IACS | Industry standard for electrical conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | ~390–400 W/m·K | Excellent for heat sinks, bus bars, etc. |
| Corrosion Resistance | Excellent in most environments | Except in ammonia or oxidizing acids |
| Magnetism | Non-magnetic | Ideal for sensitive electrical applications |
| Heat Treatment | Not typically heat-treated | Softened by annealing |
| Machinability | Poor to Fair | Gummy; better in harder tempers |
| Weldability | Good (when clean) | Requires cleanliness to avoid porosity |
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