316 stainless steel is primarily composed of chromium, nickel, and molybdenum and has traces of carbon. Like the other grades, chromium makes it highly resistant to corrosion and is austenitic stainless steel, but is especially known for its resistance to chlorides and industrial solvent resistance.
What separates 316 stainless steel from other types is its superior corrosion resistance, especially in chloride-rich environments, higher tensile strength at elevated temperatures, and higher creep with greater stress-to-rupture. Essentially, 316 is the preferred stainless steel for harsher environments and has three grades for specific applications: 316L for better weldability and intergranular corrosion resistance, 316H for higher strength at elevated temperatures, 316 Ti to reduce the risk of sensitization and better high-temperature performance.
| Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Material Type | Austenitic Stainless Steel | UNS S31600 |
| Density | 7.99 g/cm³ | 0.289 lb/in³ |
| Melting Point | ~1,370–1,400°C | ~2,500–2,550°F |
| Hardness (Brinell) | ~149–217 HB | Annealed condition |
| Tensile Strength | ~515–620 MPa | ~75,000–90,000 psi |
| Yield Strength | ~205–310 MPa | ~30,000–45,000 psi |
| Elongation at Break | ~40–60% | Excellent ductility |
| Modulus of Elasticity | ~193 GPa | ~28 x 10⁶ psi |
| Corrosion Resistance | Excellent | Especially resistant to chlorides and marine environments |
| Magnetism | Non-magnetic (Generally) | May become slightly magnetic when cold-worked |
| Heat Treatment | Not Hardenable by Heat Treatment | Strength can be increased by cold working |
| Machinability | Fair | Slower speeds and feeds than carbon steel |
| Weldability | Excellent | No pre- or post-heat treatment usually needed |
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